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Kokoro (Penguin Classics), by Natsume Soseki
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The great Japanese author’s most famous novel, in its first new English translation in half a century
No collection of Japanese literature is complete without Natsume Soseki's Kokoro, his most famous novel and the last he completed before his death. Published here in the first new translation in more than fifty years, Kokoro—meaning "heart"—is the story of a subtle and poignant friendship between two unnamed characters, a young man and an enigmatic elder whom he calls "Sensei." Haunted by tragic secrets that have cast a long shadow over his life, Sensei slowly opens up to his young disciple, confessing indiscretions from his own student days that have left him reeling with guilt, and revealing, in the seemingly unbridgeable chasm between his moral anguish and his student's struggle to understand it, the profound cultural shift from one generation to the next that characterized Japan in the early twentieth century.
From the Trade Paperback edition.
- Sales Rank: #421208 in eBooks
- Published on: 2010-01-19
- Released on: 2010-02-23
- Format: Kindle eBook
From Booklist
*Starred Review* Kokoro is the great Japanese modern novel. The last its author completed, published in 1914, two years before his death at 48, it voices the spiritual desolation of a society that had deliberately transformed itself from quasi-feudal isolation to determinedly modern player on the world stage in little more than 50 years. The never-named narrator-hero of the novel’s first half is a provincial student in Tokyo who befriends a man some 20 years older whom he meets on a beach that is a favorite student getaway site. Well-mannered, educated, comfortable, ostensibly happily married though childless, the man, whom the narrator regularly visits once they’re both back in the city, yet exudes sadness. In the book’s second half, narrated by Sensei (i.e., mentor), as the student calls him, we learn why: he feels he betrayed a friend by first pressing his suit for the woman both love. Translator McKinney, who makes a completely stylistically modern—verbally and syntactically plain, realistic, personally voiced, intimate in tone—English-language novel of this quietly profound masterpiece, imparts in her introduction all that non-Japanese need to know to appreciate why the book is considered a national treasure. It is an international modernist treasure through sharing the aching, regretful sensibility of such works as Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises and Ingmar Bergman’s arguably greatest film, Winter Light. --Ray Olson
Review
"This elegant novel...suffuses the reader with a sense of old Japan." —Los Angeles Times
"Soseki is the representative modern Japanese novelist, a figure of truly national stature." —Haruki Murakami
About the Author
Natsume Soseki (1867-1916), one of Japan's most influential modern writers, is widely considered the foremost novelist of the Meiji era (1868-1914) and a master of psychological fiction. As well as his works of fiction, his essays, haiku, and kanshi have been influential and are popular even today.
Meredith McKinney (translator) holds a PhD in medieval Japanese literature from the University in Canberra, where she teaches in the Japan Centre. She lived and taught in Japan for twenty years and now lives near Braidwood, New South Wales. Her other translations include Ravine and Other Stories, The Tale of Saigyo, and for Penguin Classics, The Pillow Book of Sei Shonagon, and Kusamakura.
Most helpful customer reviews
17 of 17 people found the following review helpful.
Penguin has offered a lovely translation ~
By Christopher Barrett
I checked this out as an eBook from my local library since the only hard copies were the previous translations. For those who sigh at another translation, remember that Kokoro, like many classic novels are public domain of sorts. Any publisher can copy the work as long as they credit the author and don't change the original. For translations the rules are a bit more flexible. But Penguin decided they would rather translate the original than pay another publisher for the rights to their translation. I think that's fair. It's like Beethoven. You don't have to pay to use the music, but if you use someone's recording of said Beethoven piece, you need to pay them.
Kokoro is an interesting novel. It is broken down into 3 parts. It is interesting that the chapters are all nearly identical length, about 2 pages each chapter in this version. So there are 110 chapters. But it's not a terribly long read.
The first section deals with the protagonist and his relationship with 'sensei', a seemingly well to do older man. They become acquaintances and finally develop an almost father-son relationship. The second part deals with the protagonist's father who is dying and his relationship with the family. The final section is actually a memoir sent to the protagonist by 'sensei' detailing the events of his younger life and shedding light on some of the mystery behind 'sensei'.
This translation is pretty amazing. I don't read Japanese (at least Kanji though I can read some hiragana pretty well), but I do understand much of the Japanese language. It is difficult to translate not because of the actual words, but because Japanese is subject-object-verb instead of subject-verb-object as in English. So if you literally translate you will sound like Yoda. "I, to this location, must now go," and such. So it is interesting that this translation seems to have less fluff than other translations. Japanese is a relatively straightforward style of writing, focusing on precision and emphasis on more emotions from fewer words. I think this translation caught the original Japanese style and kept the sentences shorter and crisper with more emphasis on the key words and phrases and less on lengthy adjectives. Also, Soseki likes to keep is characters vague and nameless (sounds a lot like a modern Japanese author I know), so they seem to have more mystique. Although it is believed that the 'sensei' character was based at least in part on Soseki himself.
Natsume Soseki is considered the father of modern Japanese literature. He was in what I like to call the Japanese Algonquin Tatami (I totally made it up but it kind of fits). It was a group of talented, though seemingly radical authors in the first half of the 20th century in Japan. Soseki traveled to England and developed a number of neurosis there and upon his return to Japan. His works are peppered with satirical elements, this novel less so than others such as 'I am a Cat'. But I mention this so that folks understand a bit of his influence to his writing. We was definitely a critic of the 'modern' Japanese society of the early 1900s.
I would HIGHLY recommend reading Botchan first. Botchan is Soseki's Huck Finn if you will. It is widely praised for its quality, its flow, and its interesting and very smart alecky protagonist. I actually equate the protagonist to Holden Caufield from Catcher in the Rye. Kokoro is among Soseki's most serious novels and is cited as a major influence by many great Japanese authors such as Yukio Mishima.
Fun fact: Natsume Soseki graced the 1000 yen bank note from 1984 to 2004. Wouldn't it be cool to have Mark Twain and Edgar Allen Poe on US bills?
8 of 8 people found the following review helpful.
A Touching Japanese Classic
By Modest_Type
This is the first novel I've read by Natsume Soseki, and my first Japanese novel at that. Although I haven't read another translation, the novel is beautifully written, being succinct yet flowery and powerful at times. Certain lines clearly and powerfully convey the feelings of Meiji Japan. Some recurring themes, such as the animosity between younger and older generations, are still relevant today. Additionally, the fact that this novel takes place in Japan during the Meiji period means it effectively captures the contrast between city and rural life. To me, this book is one I'll treasure forever; it has affected me deeply, compelling me to question my own development as a student, as well as my relationship with my father.
Additionally, because I am a casual reader I was delighted to discover that every chapter is approximately 2 pages long.
Overall, Kokoro is a Japanese classic that offers an emotional and compelling read.
11 of 13 people found the following review helpful.
which translation matters
By alm50
Everyone agrees Kokoro is a masterpiece of modern Japanese literature but for English readers the quality of translation from the Japanese is crucial. It should be noted that the translation of Kokoro Schwalbe chose for "The End of the World Book Club" was by Edwin McClellan, whose translations of Soseki are celebrated, not the translator of the Penguin edition. Newer is not always better.
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